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Western Bloc
The Western Bloc or Capitalist Bloc〔Capitalism, democracy, and ecology: departing from Marx, by Timothy W. Luke〕 during the Cold War refers to the countries allied with the United States and NATO against the Soviet Union and its allies. The latter were referred to as the ''Eastern Bloc'', a more common term in English than ''Western Bloc''. The governments and press of the Western Bloc were more inclined to refer to themselves as the ''Free World'' or the ''Western world''. ''Western Europe'' is a controversial term used to refer to democratic countries in Europe during the Cold War, but the concept is sometimes still used for quick reference by the media.
==Origins==
At the end of World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers. According to Matloff, "…the Second World War represented a fundamental shift in the international balance of power, for which a coalition strategy fashioned for victory provided no real or grand solutions" (702). Most of Europe had been divided by Nazi occupation and these two superpowers were responsible for setting up new governments within these countries and Denazification of Germany and Austria. It was agreed that free elections would be powerful, however the Soviet Union did not keep their end of the deal. Soviet non-compliance with establishing free elections in war-torn European countries eventually led to a strained relationship with the United States and resulted in the division within the Western world into two increasingly hostile blocs. According to Henry Kissinger, "Tension with the outside world was inherent in the very nature of communist philosophy and, above all, in the way the Soviet system was being run domestically. Thus the Soviet Union’s implacable hostility to the outside world was an attempt to gear international affairs to its own internal rhythm" (Kissinger 454). Relations between the Soviet Union and the United States continued to be strained and "Truman perceived the emerging struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union as a contest between good and evil, not as having to do with spheres of political influence" (Kissinger 447).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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